Roughly 35 percent of women of reproductive age in the United States don't have sufficient amounts of iron in their bodies. And yet the nutritional deficiency, which can affect multiple functions, from immunity to cognition, often goes undiagnosed, said Dr. Malcolm Munro, professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California Los Angeles.
Some researchers suggest that the thresholds for women should be higher than the current cutoff, which was established by the World Health Organization in 1968 with incomplete data, Weyand said.