Our top scientists and the discovery that could revolutionise cancer, eczema treatment

Until she was struck down with glandular fever as a child, Laura Mackay had planned to be an artist.

"She’s a superstar," says Professor Stephen Turner, head of Monash University's microbiology department. "She’s emerged as a real leader in that space."On Wednesday night, Dr Mackay was named Australia's Life Scientist of the Year. She was among seven scientists, school teachers and research teams from across Australia recognised with a Prime Minister's Science Prize – the nation's top science awards. This year five of the seven prizes were awarded to women.

Rather than patrolling, the cells have dug trenches and set up a permanent fortress against attack. They are able to attack a virus as soon as it enters the skin or lungs – an immediate, powerful form of immunity."They are ready to go. They are frontline troops," says Professor Turner. "What Laura has been able to do is really nut out how these cells are generated in the first place. How are they made, and how they stay in the tissue.

Immunotherapy, a cutting-edge new anti-cancer weapon, is able to train immune cells to attack cancer. Scientists are now working to see if we can train the frontline cells living in our skin to attack tumours. Professor Praeger specialises in group theory, a type of mathematics important in cryptography – the art of writing or solving codes. Her work has also contributed to search engine design, and she mentored Akshay Venkatesh, the Australian winner of the 2018 Fields Medal – mathematics’ equivalent of a Nobel prize.

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