Does diet influence the onset of multiple sclerosis?

By Dr. Priyom Bose, Ph.D.Jun 5 2024Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. A recent Nutrients journal study determines whether diet influences the onset of multiple sclerosis .

MS has been classified into many sub-types based on different phenotypes. These subtypes include clinically isolated syndrome, relapsing-remitting, primary progressive, and secondary progressive MS. Diet is a vital modulator of gut homeostasis that may influence CNS health through the gut-brain axis. Several studies have shown that frequent consumption of food additives may lead to a “leaky gut” or gut dysbiosis that increases the risk of Alzheimer’s disease .

About the study The current study utilized data obtained from the U.K. Biobank cohort to explore the association between diet and MS onset. The U.K. Biobank is one of the largest publicly available healthcare resources used to identify the genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors for various health conditions.

An average of twelve years of long-term follow-up data were available, during which 478 MS cases from the study cohort were identified. This reflected a prevalence rate of 7.78 MS events for every 100,000 person-years. Moderate fish consumption, particularly eating oily fish once a week, was associated with a slightly better protective effect against MS incidence than more frequent intake. Fatty fish intake during adolescence or later in life is inversely associated with MS risk, with these benefits particularly applicable for individuals residing in areas with lower solar exposure that contributes to poor vitamin D synthesis.

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