Therapeutic potential of human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells in Crohn’s disease

By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaApr 25 2024Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent study published in eBioMedicine, researchers investigated whether human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells could heal luminal ulcers in Crohn’s disease patients.

Human umbilical cord MSCs have acquired popularity due to their immunomodulatory capabilities, simplicity of collection, limitless source of stem cells, low immunological rejection, and lack of tumorigenic features. The colon macroscopic damage index assessed the level of colonic inflammation. They analyzed colon samples under a microscope to establish histopathological scores .

They performed endoscopic assessments at the start of the trial and, after 12 weeks, obtained mucosal specimens from lesion margins for ribonucleic acid sequencing. The researchers excluded individuals with a history of pregnancy, CD complications, comorbidities, prior surgery, uncontrolled infections, or cancer in the past five years.

Results In preclinical studies, hUC-MSCs raised body weight while decreasing DAI, CMDI, and HPS scores in the TNBS-inflicted colitis murine model, with significant reductions in intestinal mucosal injury, edema, hyperemia, and ulcerations. The treatment dramatically enhanced RNA levels of tight junction proteins in the intestinal epithelium and intestinal pro-inflammatory genes .

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