Study highlights nutrition therapy's potential to manage gestational diabetes effectively

By Dr. Liji Thomas, MDApr 23 2024Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. A new study published in the journal Nutrients examines the role of medically directed nutritional patterns and supplements in managing gestational diabetes mellitus .

Insulin resistance is common during pregnancy, as a consistent supply of glucose to the developing fetus is needed for its energy source. Towards the end of pregnancy, IR becomes nearly as high as levels observed in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus . Nevertheless, following childbirth, the mother’s insulin sensitivity may either revert to normal or continue to be impaired with eventual T2DM.

Energy intake The lack of international guidelines for energy intake in GDM has led to the application of general recommendations for these patients. These include a total intake of 1,800 kcal/day that can be increased in the second and third trimesters as needed to maintain normal weight gain and metabolic parameters.

Protein intake Protein regulates energy homeostasis, produces satiety, and is essential for both growth and development. A high-protein diet may impair insulin sensitivity and increase the risk of GDM. Plant protein is preferable to animal protein in lowering GDM risk.

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