Antimicrobial resistance prevalence tied to patient age and sex

Mar 15 2024London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine A person's age and sex are correlated with the chance that they have a bloodstream infection caused by a bacterium that is resistant to antibiotics, according to a new study published in PLOS Medicine.

In the new study, led by researchers from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , data collected as part of routine surveillance between 2015 and 2019 on bloodstream infections in 944,520 individuals across 29 European countries were analyzed. The team looked at which bacterial species were isolated and sent to the surveillance service, and which antibiotics were used to treat the infections.

The occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus increased with age and the occurrence of aminopenicillin resistance in Escherichia coli decreased with age. Some antimicrobial resistance profiles peaked in middle-age; Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most likely to be resistant to several antibiotics around 30 years of age and, for women, the incidence of bloodstream infections due to E. coli peaked between ages 15 and 40.

Our findings highlight important gaps in our knowledge of the spread and selection of antimicrobial resistance and may help us understand why the epidemiology has been difficult to explain through known patterns of antibiotic exposure and healthcare contact.

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