People try to rehabilitate, but it is very challenging. Headache is one of the severe withdrawal symptoms that pushes the rehabilitating patient back to alcohol, because people know that, after drinking, alcohol will actually reduce the headache. It becomes a vicious cycle. This is how they develop alcohol dependence."
Kim, associate professor of oral and maxillofacial surgery in the health science center's School of Dentistry, and colleagues found that a stress hormone called corticotropin-releasing factor activates immune cells known as mast cells in the dura -; the thin, transparent membrane under the skull. "After alcohol withdrawal, the CRF stress hormone is released from the hypothalamus, a brain region that controls many functions," Kim said. "The CRF travels through peripheral blood vessels to dura matter, where it is released from the vessels and binds to MrgprB2. This signals the mast cells to degranulate, or open, and secrete chemical messengers that induce functions including blood vessel dilation .
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