How do suicide risk or depression screenings compare to identify patients at risk?

, and retirees) from six military primary care clinics completed the PHQ-9 and screening for suicidal ideation during routine clinic visits.

Follow-up phone interviews were conducted for one year to assess the incidence of suicide attempts. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were calculated for each screening method for identifying patients who attempted suicide.also screened positive for depression on the PHQ-9. Depression screening with the PHQ-9 correctly identified more patients who attempted suicide during follow-up than the PHQ-2.

Five patients attempted suicide within 1 month, 16 attempted suicide within 3 months, 39 attempted suicide within 6 months, and 57 attempted suicide within 12 months of baseline. There were no known suicide deaths. "Conclusions based on our findings should be made cautiously considering several limitations. Our study examined depression as the only clinical indication for suicide risk screening. These findings may not extrapolate to other potential indications of screening in primary care such as, postpartum depression and other psychiatric conditions," said co-author Alexis M. May, Ph.D., assistant professor of psychology at Wesleyan University in Middletown, CT.

Additional research is needed to examine the incremental benefit of depression and suicide risk screening amongSince this study was conducted within the military medical system with adult patients only, this may limit generalizability to other health care systems and populations, said Bryan, who is the Trott Gebhardt Philips Endowed Professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health and a senior researcher in The Suicide and Trauma Reduction Initiative for Veterans at Ohio State.

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