shows rates of recognition and recall of the nine most common cancer warning signs. As was the case with cancer risk factors, adolescents’ recall of cancer warning signs was low, compared to their recognition of these signs . The mean number of cancer warning signs recognised was 5.56 . The most recognized and recalled warning signs of cancer were “an unexplained lump or swelling” , followed by “change in appearance of a mole” , and “persistent unexplained pain” .
More than one-third of the adolescents who answered the question did not recall any of the nine most common warning signs; their answers did not align with any of the most common warning signs or stated that they did not know . Other responses to the recall question about warning signs included hair loss , coughing blood , fatigue , generally unwell , spots on skin , shortness of breath , swelling , sickness and skin discolouration .
Bivariate analyses revealed that females recognized significantly more warning signs than males = 3.11, p = .002). Students who knew someone with cancer recognized significantly more cancer warning signs than those who did not know someone with cancer = 5.57, p = .001). There was a significant relationship between grade level and recognition of warning signs, with higher recognition in senior grades = 2.24, p = .02).
Consistent findings were obtained when all four demographic variables were included as independent variables in a multivariate regression analysis to predict recognition of cancer warning signs. The overall regression was statistically significant = 12.20, p = < 0.001) but only explained 6% of the variance in the dependent variable .
We have summarized this news so that you can read it quickly. If you are interested in the news, you can read the full text here. Read more:
Health Health Latest News, Health Health Headlines
Similar News:You can also read news stories similar to this one that we have collected from other news sources.
Introducing BMC Global and Public Health - BMC Global and Public Health
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »
Role of mitochondrial alterations in human cancer progression and cancer immunity - Journal of Biomedical ScienceDysregulating cellular metabolism is one of the emerging cancer hallmarks. Mitochondria are essential organelles responsible for numerous physiologic processes, such as energy production, cellular metabolism, apoptosis, and calcium and redox homeostasis. Although the “Warburg effect,” in which cancer cells prefer aerobic glycolysis even under normal oxygen circumstances, was proposed a century ago, how mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to cancer progression is still unclear. This review discusses recent progress in the alterations of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and mitochondrial dynamics in cancer malignant progression. Moreover, we integrate the possible regulatory mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction–mediated mitochondrial retrograde signaling pathways, including mitochondrion-derived molecules (reactive oxygen species, calcium, oncometabolites, and mtDNA) and mitochondrial stress response pathways (mitochondrial unfolded protein response and integrated stress response) in cancer progression and provide the possible therapeutic targets. Furthermore, we discuss recent findings on the role of mitochondria in the immune regulatory function of immune cells and reveal the impact of the tumor microenvironment and metabolism remodeling on cancer immunity. Targeting the mitochondria and metabolism might improve cancer immunotherapy. These findings suggest that targeting mitochondrial retrograde signaling in cancer malignancy and modulating metabolism and mitochondria in cancer immunity might be promising treatment strategies for cancer patients and provide precise and personalized medicine against cancer.
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »
Safeguarding mothers and newborns: the urgent need to address hepatitis during pregnancy - BMC Medicine
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »
School-based interventions offer opportunity to promote cardiovascular health in adolescentsSchool-based interventions offer opportunity to promote cardiovascular health in adolescents JAMACardio school intervention childrenshealth cardiovascularhealth teenagers adolescents
Source: NewsMedical - 🏆 19. / 71 Read more »
Risk factors for human papillomavirus infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer: an umbrella review and follow-up Mendelian randomisation studies - BMC MedicineBackground Persistent infection by oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) is necessary although not sufficient for development of cervical cancer. Behavioural, environmental, or comorbid exposures may promote or protect against malignant transformation. Randomised evidence is limited and the validity of observational studies describing these associations remains unclear. Methods In this umbrella review, we searched electronic databases to identify meta-analyses of observational studies that evaluated risk or protective factors and the incidence of HPV infection, cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN), cervical cancer incidence and mortality. Following re-analysis, evidence was classified and graded based on a pre-defined set of statistical criteria. Quality was assessed with AMSTAR-2. For all associations graded as weak evidence or above, with available genetic instruments, we also performed Mendelian randomisation to examine the potential causal effect of modifiable exposures with risk of cervical cancer. The protocol for this study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020189995). Results We included 171 meta-analyses of different exposure contrasts from 50 studies. Systemic immunosuppression including HIV infection (RR = 2.20 (95% CI = 1.89–2.54)) and immunosuppressive medications for inflammatory bowel disease (RR = 1.33 (95% CI = 1.27–1.39)), as well as an altered vaginal microbiome (RR = 1.59 (95% CI = 1.40–1.81)), were supported by strong and highly suggestive evidence for an association with HPV persistence, CIN or cervical cancer. Smoking, number of sexual partners and young age at first pregnancy were supported by highly suggestive evidence and confirmed by Mendelian randomisation. Conclusions Our main analysis supported the association of systemic (HIV infection, immunosuppressive medications) and local immunosuppression (altered vaginal microbiota) with increased risk for worse HPV and cervical disease outcomes. Mendelian randomisation confirmed the link for
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »