High insulinemic potential of diet and lifestyle is associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease incident in adults - BMC Nephrology

]. A trained nutritionist with at least 5 years’ experience in TLGS asked participants to report their consumption frequency for each food item on a daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly basis; portion sizes of consumed foods, reported in household measures, were then converted to daily grams of food intake.

To calculate the scores of the above-mentioned insulinemic indices, the food groups’ daily intakes and lifestyle factors values were multiplied by specific proposed regression coefficients for weighting. Finally, all weighted food group intakes, BMI, and PA values were summed and then divided by 1000 to reduce the magnitude of scores, which eases the description and interpretation of results.

Multivariable Cox regression models were used with CKD as the dependent variable and EDIH, EDIR, ELIH, and ELIR as independent variables to estimate the risk of incident outcomes. Using Cox regression models, we reported the hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals . The first quintile of each above-mentioned insulinemic potential of diet and lifestyle indices was considered the reference group.

The baseline characteristics and dietary intakes of participants according to the quintiles of ELIH score are presented in Table

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New insights of minimum requirement on legumes (Fabaceae sp.) daily intake in Malaysia - BMC NutritionBackground Despite their low energy density and high nutrient content, legumes may be under-recognised as a beneficial food for the prevention and management of obesity and related diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aims to analyse the moderation effect of legume intake on the relationship between BMI and the prevalence of CVD among the Malaysian adult population. Methods This study addressed communities of urban and rural Malaysia, including adults aged between 35 and 70 years old at the baseline recruitment. A series of standardised questionnaires were used to assess legume intake, history of comorbidities and socio-demographic information. Resting blood pressure measurements and physical examinations were performed to collect blood pressure and anthropometric data. Bivariate analysis was completed to determine the association between legume intake, socio-demographic characteristics and CVD prevalence. Moderation analysis was used to quantify the moderation effect of minimum daily legume intake on the relationship between BMI and CVD prevalence. Results This study found that those who consume less than 3 servings of legumes per day benefit from protective effects against CVD risk (POR = 0.56, 95% CI = 0.37 – 0.85). Moderation analysis of a minimum of three servings/day for the relationship between BMI and CVD prevalence showed significant effects. The group that benefited the most from this effect was those with a BMI in the range of 26 to 34 kg/m2. Conclusions This study provides new insights into the recommendation for legume intake according to the relationship between BMI and the prevalence of CVD in Malaysian adults. This study recommends that those with a BMI of 26 to 34 kg/m2 should consume at least 3 servings of legumes per day to reduce the risk of CVD. Further prospective research is warranted to affirm these findings throughout the Malaysian population.
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Employees’ healthy eating and physical activity: the role of colleague encouragement and behaviour - BMC Public HealthBackground: Exercising and eating healthy are not just an individual choice, but influenced by family members, friends, or neighbours. Little is known, however, about colleagues, who are another important interpersonal influence. Many people spend many hours at work, surrounded by mostly the same colleagues, who could therefore significantly shape employees’ (un)healthy choices. We studied to what extent colleagues may play a part in one another’s eating and exercise behaviours by focusing on two pathways: colleagues can encourage a healthy lifestyle or act as role models whose behaviours can be observed and copied. Methods: We used the European Sustainable Workforce Survey, with data on 4345 employees in 402 teams in 113 organisations. We used network autocorrelation models, which resemble regression models, to study to what extent employee encouragement is related to fruit and vegetable consumption, and physical activity. Specific to this type of model is the inclusion of a network correlation parameter which allows for the outcome of an employee to be directly associated with the outcomes of their colleagues. In this way we tested whether colleagues’ behaviours were related to one another. Results: We found that employees were more likely to eat fruit and vegetables as well as engage in physical activity when their colleagues encourage a healthy lifestyle. Employees’ healthy eating behaviours were positively related to their colleagues’ fruit and vegetable consumption, while we found a negative correlation concerning physical activity. Conclusion: Overall, colleagues’ encouragement and own healthy behaviours have the potential to contribute to creating a culture of health in the workplace and support all employees in making healthy choices.
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Frontiers | cGAS/STING and innate brain inflammation following acute high-fat feedingObesity, prediabetes, and diabetes are growing in prevalence worldwide. These metabolic disorders are associated with neurodegenerative diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease related dementias. Innate inflammatory signaling plays a critical role in this association, potentially via the early activation of the cGAS/STING pathway. To determine acute systemic metabolic and inflammatory responses and corresponding changes in the brain, we used a high fat diet fed obese mouse model of prediabetes and cognitive impairment. We observed acute systemic changes in metabolic and inflammatory responses, with impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and alterations in peripheral immune cell populations. Central inflammatory changes included microglial activation in a pro-inflammatory environment with cGAS/STING activation. Blocking gap junctions in neuron-microglial co-cultures significantly decreased cGAS/STING activation. Collectively these studies suggest a role for early activation of the innate immune system both peripherally and centrally with potential inflammatory crosstalk between neurons and glia.
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Integration of High-Throughput Imaging and Multiparametric Metabolic Profiling Reveals a Mitochondrial Mechanism of Tenofovir ToxicityAbstract. Nephrotoxicity is a major cause of kidney disease and failure in drug development, but understanding of cellular mechanisms is limited, highlighting t
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