Study suggests a single dose of JYNNEOS vaccine may lessen the severity of mpox illness

By Neha MathurJan 3 2023Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report posted on the United States of America Center for Disease Control and Prevention website, researchers identified mpox patients who contracted the disease at or after 14 days of receiving one dose of the JYNNEOS vaccine. They compared their demographic and clinical characteristics with unvaccinated people who contracted mpox.

The team considered those who had received a single dose of the JYNNEOS vaccine ≥14 days before contracting mpox disease as vaccinated; and those who had not received the vaccine during the 2022 outbreak or who fell ill before their first vaccination as unvaccinated. The team collected data from the USA immunization registries to analyze the demographic characteristics of the vaccinated vs. unvaccinated persons with mpox.

Study findings During the study period between May 22 and September 3, 2022, 14,504 mpox cases occurred across 29 jurisdictions in the USA. However, the researchers included only 6,605 mpox cases in the study analysis. Post-vaccination, the average time from vaccination to disease onset was 23 days. Specifically, 6,329 and 276 individuals, i.e., 95.8% and 4.2% of the study population, were unvaccinated and contracted mpox disease ≥14 days after receiving one dose of JYNNEOS, respectively.

The researchers had data on a minimum of one clinical symptom for 202/276 and 5,326/6,329 vaccinated and unvaccinated mpox cases, respectively. While vaccinated people most commonly reported rash, pruritis, and enlarged lymph nodes, unvaccinated people reported having rash, fever, and malaise. Conclusions To summarize, 276 mpox-infected cases in this study who had received one dose of the JYNNEOS vaccine greater than or 14 days before disease onset had similar but less frequent clinical symptoms than 6329 unvaccinated mpox patients. Although these clinical signs and symptoms were comparable to those identified early in the outbreak, vaccination with JYNNEOS substantially weakened the severity of mpox infections and the odds of systemic disease symptoms.

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