Impact, Experience, and Challenges of COVID-19 on the Women’s Health Initiative Participants: An Introduction to the Special Issue

993, recruiting 161 808 women between 50 and 79 years of age at baseline. As of September 2022, there were 52 543 WHI women continuing to be actively engaged in the core of this landmark study, with a mean age of 86.6 . In addition, many of the women are active participants in the—to date—303 ancillary studies. WHI continues to provide critical information—grounded in extensive longitudinal data with in-depth characterization of the women—on a historically understudied and vulnerable population.

explore key areas on how WHI women initially responded to the threat of COVID-19, their concerns about the pandemic, and aspects of their prior health and well-being that may have influenced the impact of COVID-19 on their lives. In addition to the data derived from the WHI COVID-19 survey, authors were able to draw from detailed historical data available on the participants prior to the pandemic, as well as annual data collected concurrently with the COVID-19 survey.

A major concern during COVID-19 has been the impact of disruptions in access to medical care—especially among individuals with preexisting conditions. Wong and colleagues explore the degree to which participants’ access to care appointments, medications, and caregivers were disrupted in the early stages of COVID-19. They note that a large number of the WHI women had preexisting conditions at the onset of COVID-19, including hypertension , diabetes , and CVD .

From its onset, WHI included behavioral and psychosocial variables in its data collection, relying on well-validated scales of depression, loneliness, social support systems, quality of life, and other measures that assess these aspects of life that influence health and well-being. The potential impact of COVID-19 on these critical factors on the WHI women was included in the WHI COVID-19 survey.

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