insights from industryYantao Li and Zhe WangDirector of Cancer Early Screening Products
China and the United States have the highest estimated number of new CRC cases in 2020. In addition, the Russian Federation, India, Germany, Brazil, the United Kingdom, Italy, and France are also among the top 10 countries with the highest incidence cases of CRC in 2020. Can you explain some of the current CRC screening methods? Yantao Li: Several screening tests can be used to find polyps or colorectal cancer, such as stool tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy, CT colonography and colonoscopy. If the test result is positive or abnormal on some screening tests , a diagnosed colonoscopy test is needed to complete the screening process.
Colorectal cancer doesn't wait, #COLOTECT helps to protect yourself | BGI Gene TestPlay Video Credit: BGI Genomics One test is a DNA extraction from one of your stool samples and DNA methylation biomarkers detection for colorectal cancer and/or advanced precancerous lesions. The other test is a fecal immunochemical test, which detects fecal hemoglobin from the other one of your stool samples.
Screening and detection of CRC and precancerous lesions are important to improve CRC patients' diagnosis and survival rates. COLOTECTTM 3.0 had a 96.08 percent sensitivity for CRC. In detecting patients with advanced precancerous lesions, sensitivity was 52.5 percent for COLOTECTTM 3.0, which was found to be superior to FIT, with a sensitivity of 22.5 percent.
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Epigenetic and transcriptomic reprogramming in monocytes of severe COVID-19 patients reflects alterations in myeloid differentiation and the influence of inflammatory cytokines - Genome MedicineBackground COVID-19 manifests with a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes, ranging from asymptomatic and mild to severe and critical. Severe and critical COVID-19 patients are characterized by marked changes in the myeloid compartment, especially monocytes. However, little is known about the epigenetic alterations that occur in these cells during hyperinflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients. Methods In this study, we obtained the DNA methylome and transcriptome of peripheral blood monocytes from severe COVID-19 patients. DNA samples extracted from CD14 + CD15- monocytes of 48 severe COVID-19 patients and 11 healthy controls were hybridized on MethylationEPIC BeadChip arrays. In parallel, single-cell transcriptomics of 10 severe COVID-19 patients were generated. CellPhoneDB was used to infer changes in the crosstalk between monocytes and other immune cell types. Results We observed DNA methylation changes in CpG sites associated with interferon-related genes and genes associated with antigen presentation, concordant with gene expression changes. These changes significantly overlapped with those occurring in bacterial sepsis, although specific DNA methylation alterations in genes specific to viral infection were also identified. We also found these alterations to comprise some of the DNA methylation changes occurring during myeloid differentiation and under the influence of inflammatory cytokines. A progression of DNA methylation alterations in relation to the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score was found to be related to interferon-related genes and T-helper 1 cell cytokine production. CellPhoneDB analysis of the single-cell transcriptomes of other immune cell types suggested the existence of altered crosstalk between monocytes and other cell types like NK cells and regulatory T cells. Conclusion Our findings show the occurrence of an epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming of peripheral blood monocytes, which could be associated with the
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »