By Nidhi Saha, BDSNov 27 2022Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent JAMA Network Open study, researchers compare Klotho protein levels within both cerebrospinal fluid and plasma samples of healthy individuals and patients diagnosed with different stages of Alzheimer’s disease .
The KL-VS haplotype in the Klotho gene typically consists of six missense variants. KL-VS heterozygosity, which leads to greater Klotho levels within the body, is associated with a longer lifespan, higher cortical volume, improved cognition, and lower amyloid-related tau pathology in patients diagnosed with AD.
For all study participants, a neurological examination, blood screening, CSF collection, and cognitive tests, including MMSE, were performed. Further analysis of CSF AD biomarkers including Aβ42, T-tau, and P-tau indicated that CSF Klotho levels had a significant positive association with Aβ42 levels in the CSF. Comparatively, a significantly negative association was observed between CSF Klotho levels and both T-tau and P-tau levels in the CSF. Thus, Klotho protein levels may reflect cognitive function, with lower CSF Klotho levels potentially indicative of a more rapid and considerable cognitive decline among patients with AD.
Correlations with plasma Klotho levels Both APOE4 status and sex did not have a significant impact on plasma Klotho concentrations. However, a significant negative association was identified between plasma Klotho levels and age.
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