Late-Onset Sepsis Among Very Preterm Infants

To determine the epidemiology, microbiology, and associated outcomes of late-onset sepsis among very preterm infants using a large and nationally representative cohort of NICUs across the United States.Prospective observational study of very preterm infants born 401 to 1500 g and/or 22 to 29 weeks’ gestational age from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2020, who survived >3 days in 774 participating Vermont Oxford Network centers.

Of 118 650 infants, 10 501 had late-onset sepsis for an incidence rate of 88.5 per 1000 . Incidence was highest for infants born ≤23 weeks GA . The most common pathogens were coagulase negative staphylococci and, but 34 different pathogens were identified. Infected infants had lower survival and increased risks of home oxygen , tracheostomy , and gastrostomy among survivors.

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