By Dr. Chinta SidharthanNov 1 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux A recent review published in Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews discussed the structure and life cycle of respiratory syncytial virus , the current research on the treatment and prevention of RSV infections, and the advancements in RSV messenger ribonucleic acid vaccine technology after the surge in vaccine research during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.
Major findings The study reported that histopathological investigations have identified viral replication and immune responses during RSV infections as the primary causes of damaged airways. Increased neutrophil and eosinophil infiltration of the airways during RSV infections cause hypersecretion of mucus, obstruction of airways, and asthma exacerbation.
According to the authors, the success of mRNA vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 provided the impetus to developing mRNA vaccines for RSV and other infectious diseases, with many RSV mRNA vaccines already undergoing clinical trials. The Moderna mRNA RSV vaccine mRNA-1345 has already been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for single-dose administration to adults over 60.
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Health-related quality of life among persons with initial mild, moderate, and severe or critical COVID-19 at 1 and 12 months after infection: a prospective cohort study - BMC MedicineBackground Currently, there is limited evidence about the long-term impact on physical, social and emotional functioning, i.e. health-related quality of life (HRQL) after mild or moderate COVID-19 not requiring hospitalization. We compared HRQL among persons with initial mild, moderate or severe/critical COVID-19 at 1 and 12 months following illness onset with Dutch population norms and investigated the impact of restrictive public health control measures on HRQL. Methods RECoVERED, a prospective cohort study in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, enrolled adult participants after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. HRQL was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36-item health survey (SF-36). SF-36 scores were converted to standard scores based on an age- and sex-matched representative reference sample of the Dutch population. Differences in HRQL over time were compared among persons with initial mild, moderate or severe/critical COVID-19 using mixed linear models adjusted for potential confounders. Results By December 2021, 349 persons were enrolled of whom 269 completed at least one SF-36 form (77%). One month after illness onset, HRQL was significantly below population norms on all SF-36 domains except general health and bodily pain among persons with mild COVID-19. After 12 months, persons with mild COVID-19 had HRQL within population norms, whereas persons with moderate or severe/critical COVID-19 had HRQL below population norms on more than half of the SF-36 domains. Dutch-origin participants had significantly better HRQL than participants with a migration background. Participants with three or more COVID-19 high-risk comorbidities had worse HRQL than part participants with fewer comorbidities. Participants who completed the SF-36 when restrictive public health control measures applied reported less limitations in social and physical functioning and less impaired mental health than participants who completed the SF-36 when no restrictive measures applied. Co
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