Is a Vaccine for Breast Cancer the Future of Preventive Care?

Triple-negative breast cancer isn’t fueled by hormones like estrogen-receptor-positive and progesterone-receptor-­positive breast cancers. TNBC can be hard to treat because it doesn’t respond to hormonal-therapy medicines, as do some other cancers. But that distinction makes TNBC a potential vaccine target.

“We have new data showing that when we add immunotherapy to chemotherapy in women with localized TNBC, we increase the chance for cure,” says Dr. Claudine Isaacs, codirector of the Breast Cancer Program at theBecause the immune system is the mechanism through which vaccines work, a cancer that responds to immunotherapy might respond to a vaccine.

The vaccine’s aim is to target a lactation protein called a-lactalbumin, found in breast tissue in the majority of TNBC cases. Jump-starting the immune system against this protein could provide immunity against tumors with a-lactalbumin. In its phase 1 trial, the Cleveland Clinic’s main goal is to find out the maximum tolerated dose of the vaccine for people with early-stage triple-negative breast cancer. If all goes well, subsequent trials would test it in women who are at high risk for TNBC but have not yet developed breast cancer. Phase 1 of the study isn’t slated for completion until at least spring 2023.

This couldn’t be truer than in DC, where Black women have a breast-cancer mortality rate—33.2 deaths per 100,000—“Yesterday’s trials become today’s standard of care,” says Isaacs. “Our goal is to get to the point where we can individualize our treatments so we are treating each patient in a unique fashion—with the treatments that will benefit her and avoid the ones that will not work.”and search for clinical trials for steps and resources.

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