By Bhavana KunkalikarSep 8 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study published in Infectious Medicine, researchers assessed the role of the gut microbiome in human health and disease.
Cancer The gut microbiota is considered to be responsible for 20% of all cancer incidences worldwide. According to research, F. nucleatum suppresses the host immunological response and stimulates cellular growth. Butyrate is an essential ingredient for a healthy colon. Butyrate-producing genera were essentially non-existent in the feces of colorectal cancer patients.
Inflammatory bowel disease Irritable bowel syndrome is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease that impacts people with IBD. Ulcerative colitis only affects the colon. Lactobacilli species were less abundant during the active phase of disease, while several species, such as Lactobacillus salivarus, Lactobacillus manihotivorans, and Pediococcus acidilactici, were detected during the remission period rather than during the active phase.
Obesity is influenced by a chronic inflammatory state caused by gut bacteria or metabolites that modulate the microbiota-brain-gut axis. Bariatric surgery is a popular therapeutic option for severe obesity. Weight loss during bariatric surgery is likewise associated with an increase in the abundance of B. thetaiotaomicron and a reduction in serum glutamate levels.
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The effects of coconut oil on the cardiometabolic profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials - Lipids in Health and DiseaseBackground Despite having a 92% concentration of saturated fatty acid composition, leading to an apparently unfavorable lipid profile, body weight and glycemic effect, coconut oil is consumed worldwide. Thus, we conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to analyze the effect of coconut oil intake on different cardiometabolic outcomes. Methods We searched Medline, Embase, and LILACS for RCTs conducted prior to April 2022. We included RCTs that compared effects of coconut oil intake with other substances on anthropometric and metabolic profiles in adults published in all languages, and excluded non-randomized trials and short follow-up studies. Risk of bias was assessed with the RoB 2 tool and certainty of evidence with GRADE. Where possible, we performed meta-analyses using a random-effects model. Results We included seven studies in the meta-analysis (n = 515; 50% females, follow up from 4 weeks to 2 years). The amount of coconut oil consumed varied and is expressed differently among studies: 12 to 30 ml of coconut oil/day (n = 5), as part of the amount of SFAs or total daily consumed fat (n = 1), a variation of 6 to 54.4 g/day (n = 5), or as part of the total caloric energy intake (15 to 21%) (n = 6). Coconut oil intake did not significantly decrease body weight (MD -0.24 kg, 95% CI -0.83 kg to 0.34 kg), waist circumference (MD -0.64 cm, 95% CI -1.69 cm to 0.41 cm), and % body fat (-0.10%, 95% CI -0.56% to 0.36%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (MD -1.67 mg/dL, 95% CI -6.93 to 3.59 mg/dL), and triglyceride (TG) levels (MD -0.24 mg/dL, 95% CI -5.52 to 5.04 mg/dL). However, coconut oil intake was associated with a small increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (MD 3.28 mg/dL, 95% CI 0.66 to 5.90 mg/dL). Overall risk of bias was high, and certainty of evidence was very-low. Study limitations include the heterogeneity of intervention methods, in addition to small samples and short follow-u
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