Engineered Nanocatalysts Improve Cancer Therapy Clinical Safety

By Bhavna KavetiAug 25 2022Reviewed by Susha Cheriyedath, M.Sc. Although chemodynamic therapy -triggered apoptosis is a potential anticancer treatment, its clinical translation is impeded due to the low efficacy and side effects. An article published in the journal Acta Biomaterialia, demonstrated the fabrication of surface-engineered ginsenoside Rg3-sheltered nanocatalysts with improved organ distribution, low toxicity, and increased in vivo efficacy.

Rg3-sheltered nanocatalysts simultaneously activated apoptosis and ferroptosis to improve anticancer efficacy. Furthermore, the administration of Rg3-sheltered nanocatalysts suppressed 86.6% of tumor growth toxicity and increased the survival time of mice. The present work addressed the biosafety problems associated with nanomedicine and provided new insight into catalytic ferroptosis-apoptosis conjunct antitumor therapies.

Particularly, CDT is used as an anticancer treatment that is based on catalytic Fenton reaction and without the need for an externally applied field. CDT serves as a catalyst used to convert hydrogen peroxide and iron ions into reactive oxygen species via Fenton reactions. The formed ROS penetrates the nucleus through nuclear pores and causes cell apoptosis. Thus, the in vivo therapeutic effects depend on the Fenton reaction.

Moreover, it is also critical to protect the ferrous ion from oxidative stress due to its high reaction efficiency compared to its ferric ion counterpart. Thus, achieving these goals can combat the toxicity problems associated with Fenton-type heavy metals in CDT. Surface functionalization of nanoparticles with Rg3 altered the pharmacokinetic properties of resulting nanocatalysts and extended their circulation time in the bloodstream. The improved pharmacokinetics increased the accumulation of Rg3-sheltered nanocatalysts in tumors on being systematically administered in a pancreatic tumor mouse model.

Conclusion​​​​​​​ To summarize, Rg3-sheltered nanocatalysts served as a transformable ferrous ion for ferroptosis-apoptosis combined anticancer therapy. The NFPR altered the pharmacokinetics and organ distribution of nanocatalysts and avoided the liver damage caused by nanoparticles, addressing the biosafety concerns of nanomedicines.

Health Health Latest News, Health Health Headlines

Similar News:You can also read news stories similar to this one that we have collected from other news sources.

Womb cancer: New test could cut diagnosis time and reduce need for invasive diagnostic proceduresResearch published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology found that low-cost PCR tests that took samples from the cervix or vagina were able to successfully detect womb cancer. Please note. This does not apply if you self identify as a bird.
Source: SkyNews - 🏆 35. / 67 Read more »

Overspend of £400m looms for NI Health DepartmentNorthern Ireland's Department of Health faces a £400m overspend this year, RobinSwannMoH warns
Source: BBCNewsNI - 🏆 95. / 52 Read more »

Deep learning algorithm may streamline lung cancer radiotherapy treatmentLung cancer, the most common cancer worldwide, is targeted with radiation therapy (RT) in nearly one-half of cases. RT planning is a manual, resource-intensive process that can take days to weeks to complete, and even highly trained physicians vary in their determinations of how much tissue to target with radiation. Furthermore, a shortage of radiation-oncology practitioners and clinics worldwide is expected to grow as cancer rates increase.
Source: medical_xpress - 🏆 101. / 51 Read more »