Researchers identify key complex for ribosome generation

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UT Southwestern researchers have identified a four-protein complex that appears to play a key role in generating ribosomes—organelles that serve as protein factories for cells—as well as a surprising part in neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings, published in Cell Reports, could lead to new ways to manipulate ribosome production, which could impact a variety of conditions that affect human health.

necessary for unchecked cell division. In addition, a group of rare diseases known as ribosomopathies—characterized by abnormal ribosome production—manifests with a variety of symptoms including anemia, craniofacial defects, and intellectual disability.has come from the popular lab model, yeast. The basics of this process are the same for human ribosome biogenesis, Dr. Buszczak said, but the specifics are not.

To learn more about this process, Dr. Buszczak, Chunyang Ni, a graduate student in the Buszczak lab, and their colleagues, including Jun Wu, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of Molecular Biology at UTSW, started by developing a technique that prompted old ribosomes to glow red and newly generated ribosomes to glow green. The researchers used this tool on several different human cell types, confirming different rates of ribosome production in each.

Using the gene editing tool called CRISPR, the researchers inactivated individual genes to identify those that might be key players in ribosome biogenesis. Their search turned up four genes known as CINP, SPATA5L1, C1orf109, and SPATA5. Further research showed that these genes come together into a complex that strips a placeholder protein from ribosomes when assembly is almost complete, allowing a different protein to take its place for ribosome maturation.

 

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ALS TDP-43 Ribosomes and central nervous system health are adversely affected by glucocorticoids and environmental toxins, such as hexavalent chromium and methyl mercury and protected by nocturnal melatonin. .

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